Estimativa da Chevron sobre as necessidades de petróleo em 2030 |
São precisos 200 mil milhões de barris de petróleo novo até 2030
Produção de petróleo nos EUA desde 1860 — eia |
Se repararmos com atenção neste mapa da produção petrolífera nos EUA, desde 1860, veremos com clareza que o pico foi atingido na década de 1970, e que desde 2008 houve um esforço extraordinário de produção (shale oil e shale gas) para compensar o peso insustentável das importações... que as ventoinhas que a Goldman Sach impingiu aos camaradas Mexia e Sócrates não conseguem compensar!
Ao contrário do que poderá parecer, todos os grandes produtores mundiais de crude e gás natural —americanos do fracking, canadianos das areias betuminosas, venezuelanos dos betumes, russos da Sibéria e do Ártico, e árabes do Médio Oriente— terão que continuar a produzir. Não podem sequer reduzir a produção em volumes significativos, sob pena de criarem gigantescos problemas para si e no resto do mundo. Acontece, porém, que quando o preço do barril desce abaixo dos 80 USD, salvo a Arábia Saudita, todos os demais produtores são atingidos duramente nas margens comerciais disponíveis, muitos deles arriscando falências inexoráveis. É o que sucederá a muitas empresas americanas que hoje exploram o petróleo e o gás de xisto se a presente quebra do preço do barril de petróleo se prolongar por mais um ou dois anos.
Petróleo acentua perdas com queda superior a 2% nos Estados Unidos
Jornal de Negócios. 15 Dezembro 2014, 16:01 por Rita Faria
Depois de ter estado a subir mais de 1,5% esta segunda-feira, 15 de Dezembro, o petróleo voltou para terreno negativo nos mercados internacionais, perante sinais de que a decisão da Organização dos Países Exportadores de Petróleo (OPEP) de não ajustar a sua produção será mesmo mantida.
O West Texas Intermediate (WTI), de Nova Iorque, negoceia em mínimos de Maio de 2009, com um recuo de 2,21% para 56,53 dólares, enquanto o Brent, negociado em Londres e que serve de referência às importações europeias, cai 0,82% para 61,34 dólares, um valor próximo de mínimos de Julho de 2009.
So far no decline in drilling activities in the USA
Aleklett's Energy Mix.
Posted on November 17, 2014
The increased production of oil has occurred on land with 40,000 wells giving an increase in 1,200,000 barrels per day or 30 barrels per day per well. This means that most of the newly drilled wells are needed to maintain current production levels. A reduction in rig number similar to that in 2008 would rapidly reduce oil production in the USA. To repeat in another nation a fracking boom similar to that seen in the USA is far, far in the future. The question is whether it will ever occur.
200 billion barrels of new oil production is needed by 2030
Aleklett's Energy Mix.
Posted on November 22, 2014
In around 2008 the IEA and others began to discuss the decline in production from existing oilfields. By that time we at Global Energy Systems of Uppsala University had been researching in this area for some years and, in a scientific article, showed that the rate of decline in production from existing fields was 6% per year. Since then, this has become an accepted fact and even Chevron mentioned it in their recent presentation noting that production from existing fields will fall from 80 Mb/d to 30 Mb/d by 2030. Thus, new production equivalent to 50 Mb/d is needed by 2030 just to keep overall production constant. For the period 2013 to 2030 this is according to Chevron equivalent to approximately 200 billion barrels of oil.
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At today’s oil price of around $80 per barrel it is only OPEC’s production that is currently completely profitable and onshore and shallow offshore production are borderline in terms of profitability.
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It is not possible to predict the actions of the main players but it is easier to predict what the outcome may be of certain actions.
The 2014 Oil Price Crash Explained
Energy Matters. Posted on November 24, 2014
by Euan Mearns
- If demand for oil weakens by about a further 1 Mbpd this may send the price down below $60 / bbl.
- If OPEC cuts supply by about 1 Mbpd at constant demand this may send the price back up towards $100 / bbl.
- Prolonged low price may see LTO production fall in N America and other non-OPEC projects shelved resulting in attrition of non-OPEC capacity. This may take one to two years to work through but with constant demand, this will inevitably send prices higher again.
- Prolonged low price may see many specialist LTO producers default on loans, risking a new credit crunch and reduced LTO production. This would likely lead to a major consolidation of operators in the LTO patch where the larger companies (the IOCs) pick up the best assets at knock down prices. That is the way it has always been.
- Black Swans and elephants in the room – with conflict escalation in Ukraine and / or Syria-Iraq and a new credit crunch, all bets will be off.