Morgan Stanley e Goldman Sachs deixam de ser bancos de investimento e acolhem-se à protecção do regime mais favorável da banca comercial e sobretudo dos planos sinistros de Henry Paulson e Ben Bernanke.
"Decisions by the Secretary pursuant to the authority of this Act are non-reviewable and committed to agency discretion, and may not be reviewed by any court of law or any administrative agency." -- in proposta do Secretário do Tesouro, Henry Paulson, ao Congresso norte-americano.
Depois da decisão do Supremo Tribunal dos Estados Unidos, do ano 2000, que suspendeu a contagem de votos que daria a vitória a Al Gore, entregando-a sem mais a George W. Bush; depois da instauração do Patriotic Act, que pela primeira vez na história dos Estados Unidos suspende o habeas corpus por tempo indeterminado e cria efectivamente o enquadramento jurídico necessário à aplicação de todo o tipo de medidas de excepção por parte do governo americano, contra pessoas, empresas e bens estrangeiros e nacionais; depois de o governo dos Estados Unidos se auto-declarar acima da lei internacional, sob o pretexto de uma guerra longa contra o terrorismo que ele próprio, em muitos casos, engendrou e engendra, atacando e ocupando ilegalmente países estrangeiros, surge agora a tentativa de fechar o quadrado mágico de um golpe de Estado que, a ter sucesso (26 de Setembro é o prazo limite), porá provavelmente fim à democracia americana, instaurando em seu lugar, ainda que disfarçado por doses descomunais de sofisticada propaganda, um regime de excepção só na aparência distinto das ditaduras europeias que antecederam a II Guerra Mundial.
Basicamente, o que Henry Paulson (antigo dirigente da Goldman Sachs e actual secretário de estado do tesouro) e Ben Bernanke (presidente máximo da Reserva Federal) querem, e para tal têm vindo a chantagear os órgãos eleitos da democracia americana, é o seguinte:
- levar o contribuinte americano a comprar por mais de 700 000 000 000 de dólares (aliás, muito mais!) todas as hipotecas e empréstimos em mau estado, que Paulson e Bernanke decidam resgatar, sem supervisão nem possibilidade de recurso por parte das instâncias legislativa, nem dos tribunais, o que implicará aumentar a dívida pública, grosso modo, em mais 1 bilião de dólares -- 10E12 --, sobrecarregando cada homem, mulher e criança dos Estados Unidos com uma dívida suplementar de 2000 dólares);
- renegociar posteriormente estes créditos mal-parados com os devedores, depois de previamente reavaliados os activos a que correspondem, recorrendo para tal às mesmas instituições financeiras que haviam despachado os créditos incobráveis para o bolso sem fundo (mas falido) do Estado americano, e a quem os clientes pedirão de novo dinheiro emprestado (entretanto recebido do saco sem fundo do Tesouro americano, i.e. dos bolsos dos contribuintes!) para conseguirem salvar os bens adquiridos, as empresas e os negócios ameaçados pela execução das hipotecas;
- como parte substancial dos investidores e especuladores com activos financeiros ameaçados (que não tiveram tempo para desviar a massa, nos últimos meses, para os paraísos fiscais, sediados nomeadamente nas ilhas soberanas da Rainha de Inglaterra) são literalmente estados estrangeiros como a China, o Japão, a Rússia, a Arábia Saudita e outros países da OPEP, o resgate das suas contas vai depender em muito dos poderes discricionários que Barak Obama e John McCain anunciaram estar dispostos a conferir, via Congresso, a duas criaturas sem vergonha (Paulosn e Bernanke), na realidade comandadas por velhos conhecidos da verdadeira mão invisível do Capitalismo: JP Morgan, Rockfeller e mais alguns comandos secretos do FED.
REFERÊNCIAS
Run on the $10 Trillion 'Shadow Banking System': Regulators Allow Goldman, Morgan To Become Banks
* Sep 21: Fed approved applications by Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley to become Federal Reserve-regulated bank holding companies (BHCs).
* The move effectively spells the end of the investment banking industry as a separate sector, leaving behind only small boutique securities firms. In doing so it ends the decades old division of the US financial industry into two halves, which dates back to legislation passed after the Great Depression.
* It means that both Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley will be subject to bank capital requirements which will be phased in over a transition period. -- RGE Monitor.
Details Of Treasury's $700bn 'Bad Bank': Unchecked Authority to Buy a Wide Range of 'Toxic Waste'?
* U.S. Treasury Fact Sheet: "Treasury will have authority to issue up to $700 billion of Treasury securities to finance the purchase of troubled assets. The purchases are intended to be residential and commercial mortgage-related assets, which may include mortgage-backed securities and whole loans. The Secretary will have the discretion, in consultation with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, to purchase other assets, as deemed necessary to effectively stabilize financial markets." Treasury's actions may also not be reviewed by any court of law or any administrative agency. -- RGE Monitor.
Bailout of the U.S. Housing and Financial Sector: Are Fiscal Costs and Risk for Taxpayers Getting Bigger?
* Treasury plans to use $700 bn to buy bad mortgages of financial institutions; also proposes to raise the ceiling on national debt from $10.6 trillion to $11.3 trillion (the limit was raised to $10.6tr earlier this year under the housing bill)
* Advocates of bailout: Cost of the bailout much less than the risk to financial sector, Main Street and U.S. workers from the credit crisis and govt inaction; Opponents: Risk to taxpayers exceeds any potential upside gain apart from leading to higher debt and credit costs in the future and posing risk to U.S. sovereign debt rating. -- RGE Monitor.
Chinese Banks Go Global: How Will Foreign Regulators Respond?
* Chinese financial institutions like CDB, ICBC, Mingsheng Bank and insurance companies like Ping An are increasing overseas acquisitions taking stakes in Barclays, Standard Bank, Fortis and others. Chinese banks remain flush with cash following IPOs, bond issues, are eyeing foreign purchases to increase their expertise of investment banking, market share but may be wary of investing in global banks given losses from previous investments. They may now be seeking out M&A opportunities that are joint ventures.
* First round of Chinese bank M&A took place in mid-90s to 2005, and was focused on greater China. Since 2006, outward M&A has involved bigger deals and a broader range of target countries (Boston Consulting Group) -- RGE Monitor.
Radical Shift for Goldman and Morgan
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By ANDREW ROSS SORKIN and VIKAS BAJAJ
Published: September 21, 2008
Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, the last big independent investment banks on Wall Street, will transform themselves into bank holding companies subject to far greater regulation, the Federal Reserve said Sunday night, a move that fundamentally reshapes an era of high finance that defined the modern Gilded Age.
... By becoming bank holding companies, the firms are agreeing to significantly tighter regulations and much closer supervision by bank examiners from several government agencies rather than only the Securities and Exchange Commission. Now, the firms will look more like commercial banks, with more disclosure, higher capital reserves and less risk-taking.
... For decades, firms like Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs thrived by taking bold bets with their own money, often using enormous amounts of debt to increase their profits, with little outside oversight.
They were the envy of Wall Street, dominating the industry’s most lucrative businesses, landing headline-grabbing deals and advising companies and governments around the world on mergers, stock offerings and restructurings.
... In exchange for subjecting themselves to more regulation, the companies will have access to the full array of the Federal Reserve’s lending facilities. It should help them avoid the fate of Lehman Brothers, which filed for bankruptcy last week, and Bear Stearns and Merrill Lynch — both of which agreed to be acquired by big bank holding companies. -- New York Times.
Double Double Toil And Trouble
September 20, 2008
Elaine Meinel Supkis
The desires of the US/EU/UK empire to have eternal riches via NATO menacing, controlling and killing Muslims who have oil, has failed miserably. Now, we are going rapidly bankrupt. I remember very clearly the mood in America before the despicable invasion of Iraq: 'We are going to have cheaper oil!' Bush fired anyone who told him, this war would be very expensive. The belief was, we would rush into Bagdad, settle down and pump the oil for our own benefit. Instead, the Iraqis succeeded in costing us an extra trillion dollars. We lost money in this casino. The three witches are laughing in their Cave of Wealth and Death. Witch #2, Inflation, has toured the planet and destroyed great wealth. Witch #3, Depression, is ironing her dress in preparation of taking over the surviving wealth. And Witch #1, the top witch, is Libra. She is going to finally balance her scales and will be happy when this process is done. -- Culture of Life News.
The $1 trillion question: Will this gigantic bailout work?
Sean O’Grady, Economics Editor
Saturday, 20 September 2008
This is what we might call the $1trillion question. That's $1,000,000,000,000, by the way. It is a little like surgery. The US government has amputated the gangrenous leg of the banking system to save the patient. But it is now preparing to graft the infected limb on to the body politic of America. The US taxpayers will be lucky if they do not feel distinctly unwell as a result of this little experiment.
The truth is that simply buying the banks' worthless securities has been an option, if an unpalatable one, for the authorities since the credit crunch began a year ago. All the plans to lend against these assets, such as the Bank of England's Special Liquidity Scheme, and other "injections of liquidity", were temporary solutions, born out of a hope, if not an expectation, that the crisis would not be prolonged.
We know better now. What the American authorities have done is the only sure way to protect the banking system against further destabilisation. Short-selling or not, left to their own devices, the markets would sooner or later force more banks into the arms of the taxpayer anyhow. It is a sad day when hard-pressed citizens find themselves subsidising private banks for their stupid mistakes. But that is what's happening in the US, and it will surely be done here. The Bank of England hates the notion; but Gordon Brown may well feel that he has no choice.
So for the banks and their shareholders and staff, the US rescue plan is already working, and it will save the wider economy from yet more damage. It is less clear whether it will end the credit crisis or preserve America's fast disappearing economic hegemony.
Even taking a trillion dollars of crud out of the equation can't save the financial system from damage already done. Despite the Fed's efforts, many banks in America and around the world have severely enfeebled balance sheets. They cannot lend, even if they wanted to. With the developed world in recession – Japan, Britain, Germany and Spain are leading the way – the banks will soon be losing money on their conventional lines of business, as mortgages suffer defaults and companies go out of business. We will then see a vicious cycle of bad debts leading to less lending, more job losses, more defaults and so on. -- Independent.
Where, oh where, are the orthodox economists now?
Ann Pettifor
20th September, 2008.
What has happened under the dominance of orthodox economics and the de-regulation of finance, is that the finance sector now controls the movement of capital, the setting of interest rates and the creation of credit. And they do so in the interests of – you guessed it – Finance.
In the midst of all this tragedy and chaos, one has to savour the moment. The sight of all those free-market capitalists, trained by economists at the Chicago School of neo-liberalism, handing over to ‘big government’ the financial system of the biggest free market economy in the world.
And in the midst of what will prove to be a prolonged period of economic failure, one must be allowed to indulge just one feint sense of satisfaction. For only a couple of weeks ago (see below) Jim O’Neill chief economist at Goldman Sachs, advised me, and a BBC World Service audience that this financial catastrophe was no big deal, ‘just another periodic crisis’….. like five that he had already lived through. (He was referring, I believe, to crises such as that of the US stock market of 1987, the South East Asian crisis of 1998 and the Dot.com crash of 2001.)
It is now pretty clear that I, without the data, research back-up and infrastructure that supports Jim O’Neill’s analyses – already knew that this was not at all like the previous ‘periodic crises’. With my background in Keynesian monetary theory, I had a more sophisticated and accurate view of the gravity of this crisis than Goldman Sachs’s neo-liberal economists. Regrettably my foresight and wisdom did not extend to earning Goldman Sachs-like fees. More fool me. -- Debtonation.
OAM 439 22-09-2008 13:32
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